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Apa Itu Trading Halt? Pengertian, Cara Kerja, dan Dampaknya bagi Investor

Apa Itu Trading Halt? Pengertian, Cara Kerja, dan Dampaknya bagi Investor

Trading halt adalah mekanisme penghentian sementara perdagangan saham di bursa efek, seperti Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), untuk menjaga stabilitas pasar saat terjadi gejolak ekstrem. Kebijakan ini diterapkan otomatis ketika Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) turun hingga batas tertentu, mencegah panic selling massal.

Pengertian

Trading halt merupakan pembekuan sementara aktivitas jual-beli saham, biasanya selama 30 menit, akibat penurunan IHSG melebihi 5% (halt pertama), dilanjutkan halt kedua jika turun lebih dari 10%, dan berlanjut ke trading suspend jika mencapai 15% atau lebih. Tujuannya melindungi investor dari kerugian tidak rasional, memberi waktu mencerna informasi, serta menjaga keteraturan pasar.

Cara Kerja

BEI mengumumkan trading halt secara resmi, membekukan semua order beli/jual saham tertentu atau seluruh pasar, sehingga investor tidak bisa bertransaksi selama periode tersebut. Penghentian ini bisa dipicu volatilitas ekstrem, berita material signifikan, atau gangguan teknis, dan perdagangan dilanjutkan setelah jeda dengan pengawasan ketat.

Dampak bagi Investor

Investor tidak bisa jual-beli saham selama halt, tapi posisi tetap aman dan bisa dilanjutkan setelah dibuka kembali, sehingga memberi kesempatan analisis ulang. Dampak positifnya mencegah kerugian lebih besar akibat kepanikan, meski bisa menimbulkan ketidakpastian sementara; halt panjang berisiko volatilitas lanjutan saat dibuka. Secara keseluruhan, ini lebih menguntungkan untuk stabilitas jangka panjang.

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